Military and War

Important wars and campaigns

Important battles

Important Political Events

Important political events/changes

Declarations of war / Important peace treaties

1810

January 10

Sweden signs peace treaty with France and joins

1810

January 19-21

French force passes of the Sierra Morena and invade Andalucia

1810

January 24

Seville revolts against the Junta Suprema Central

1810

January 27

British invade Guadeloupe

1810

January 29

Council of regency installed in Cadiz

1810

January 31

Soult captures Seville

1810

February 3

Garrison of Guadeloupe capitulates

1810

February 5

Soult besieges Cadiz.

1810

February 8

Napoleon creates six military governments in northern Spain, thereby stopping Joseph of much of his authority

1810

February 20

Andreas Hofer executed in Mantua; Spaniards defeated at Vieh

1810

March 21

French besiege Astorga

1810

March 22

British invade Santa Maura (Levkas)

1810

March 29

After several times being thwarted by guerrilla raids, French occupy Oviedo

1810

April 13

French besiege Lerida

1810

April 15

Spaniards defeated at Zalamea

1810

April 16

French garrison of Santa Maura (Levkas) capitulate

1810

April 19

Spanish-American revolution begun by revolt in Venezuela

1810

April 22

French capture Astorga

1810

April 24

Spaniards defeated at Margalef

1810

May 14

French capture Lerida

1810

May 15

French besiege Mequinenza

1810

June 6

French besiege Ciudad Rodrigo

1810

June 8

French capture Mequinenza

1810

June 23-24

Turks defeat Russians in first battle of Shumla (Sumen)

1810

July 1-2

Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo (Marshal Ney); French capture Ciudad Rodrigo from Britain. Louis Bonaparte abdicates as King of Holland

1810

July 7

British invade Reunion

1810

July 9

French capture Ciudad Rodrigo

1810

July 10

French garrison of Reunion capitulate

1810

July 13

France annexes Holland

1810

July 21

Massena invades Portugal

1810

July 23

Turks and Russians fight drawn battle of Kargali Dere

1810

July 24

British rearguard driven over river Coa

1810

August 5

Napoleon legitimises import of colonial goods but imposes punitive tariffs

1810

August 8

Russians defeat Turks at second battle of Shumla (Sumen), and go on to capture fortresses of Rustchuk (Ruse), Nicopolis (Nikopol), and Giurgevo (Giurgiu)

1810

August 23

French defeat British naval squadron off Mahebourg (Martinique)

1810

August 27

Massena captures Almeida

1810

September 14

Spaniards secure minor victory at La Bisbai

1810

September 17-18

French attempt to invade Sicily is driven off

1810

September 24

Cortes opens in Cadiz

1810

September 27

Wellington defeats Massena at Busaco, but continues to retreat on Lisbon

1810

October 10

Wellington retreats within Lines of Torres Vedras

1810

October 12

Massena invests Lines of Torres Vedra

1810

October 18

Napoleon imposes savage new laws against smuggling.

1810

October 20

Bernadotte arrives in Sweden as crown prince.

1810

November 3

Spaniards defeated at Baza

1810

November 14

Massena retreats from Lines of Torres Vedras to Santare

1810

November 29

British invade Martinique

1810

December 3

French garrison of Martinique capitulates

1810

December 13

France annexes Oldenburg, Hanseatic towns, and parts of Hanover and Berg

1810

December 16

Suchet besieges Tortosa

1810

December 31

Alexander I imposes heavy tarifs on French imports; France annexes the Valais

1811

March 4

French retreat from Santarem for Spanish frontier

1811

March 5

Messena's retreat from Santarem

1811

April 3

Massena defeated at Sabugal, and is driven across the border into Spain

1811

April 7

Wellington blockades Almeida

1811

April 10

Spaniards seize Figueras

1811

April 17

French besiege Figueras

1811

May 3-5

Wellington defeats Massena at Fuentes de Onoro

1811

May 6

Wellington besieges Badajoz

1811

May 8

Suchet besieges Tarragona

1811

May 10

Garrison of Badajoz breaks out and makes a successful dash for safety

1811

May 12

British raise siege of Badajoz.

1811

May 25

Wellington resumes siege of Badajoz

1811

June 17

Wellington retreats into Portugal

1811

June 23

Spaniards defeat French at river Orbigo

1811

August 4

British invade Java

1811

August 10

Spaniards defeated at Las Vertientes

1811

August 11

Wellington blockades Ciudad Rodrigo

1811

August 19

French capture Figueras

1811

September 18

Garrison of Java capitulates.

1811

September 25

Marmont drives back Wellington at El Bodon

1811

December 20

French besiege Tarifa

Russian Campaign (1812)

1812

Januar  4

French abandon siege of Tarifa

1812

January 8

Wellington besieges Ciudad Rodrigo

1812

January 9

Suchet captures Valencia

1812

January 19

Wellington storms Ciudad Rodrigo; Spaniards defeat French at Villaseca

1812

January 24

Spaniards defeated at Altafulla

1812

January 26

France annexes Catalonia

1812

February 2

French capture Peniscola

1812

February 24

Prussia authorizes the Grande Armée to traverse its territory and provides France with 20,000 soldiers

1812

March 5

Spaniards defeat French at Roda

1812

March 16

Wellington besieges Badajoz

1812

March 19

Promulgation of Spanish constitution of 1812

1812

March 29

Arrest of Speransky

1812

April 1

The Grande Armée stand at the bank of the river Oder

1812

April 5

Russia signs treaty of alliance with Sweden

1812

April 6           

Wellington storms Badajoz

1812

May 18

After securing further victories at Silistria (Silistra) and Vidin in 1811

Russia makes peace with Turkey by means of Treaty of Bucharest

1812

May 18-19

Hill captures Almaraz

1812

May 24

Napoleon takes final decision to invade Russia

1812

June 1

Spaniards defeated at Bornos

1812

June 4

United States declares war on Britain

1812

June 15

French evacuate Oviedo

1812

June 17

Wellington besieges Salamanca forts

1812

June 21

France declares war against Russia

1812

June 23

Grande Armée invades Russia

1812

June 27

Wellington captures Salamanca forts

1812

June 28

French occupy Vilna (Vilnius)

1812

July 2

Spaniards besiege Astorga

1812

July 8

French occupy Minsk

1812

July 20

Sicilian parliament agrees new constitution

1812

July 21

Spaniards defeated at first battle of Castalla

1812

July 22

Battle of Salamanca  (France vs England/Portugal) English/Portuguese victory

1812

July 24

Macdonald besieges Riga

1812

July 27

Russians check Reynier at Kobrin

1812

July 28

French occupy Vitebsk

1812

August 7

Anglo-Sicilian force lands at Alicante under Murray

1812

August 10

Joseph evacuates Madrid

1812

August 12

Wellington enters Madrid; Austrians defeat Russians at Gorodechna

1812

August 13

Spaniards capture Bilbao

1812

August 16

Americans defeated at Detroit

1812

August 16-17

Battle of Smolensk (France vs Russia) French victory

1812

August 18

Oudinot and Saint Cyr defeat Russians at first battle of Polotsk; Spaniards capture Astorga

1812

August 19

U.S.S. Constitution secures first of a series of minor American naval victories

1812

August 24

Soult raises siege of Cadiz and commences evacuation of Andalucia

1812

August 27

Spaniards storm Seville

1812

September 7

Battle at Borodino (Battle at the Moskova) (France vs Russia) French victory

1812

September15

Napoleon enters Moscow - Russians evacuate Moscow

1812

September 19

Wellington besieges Burgos

1812

September 22

Wellington offered command of the Spanish army

1812

October 18

Murat defeated at Vinkovo

1812

October 19

Napoleon evacuates Moscow and retreats from Russia (until December 13)

1812

October 21

Wellington abandons siege of Burgos

1812

October 24

Napoleon defeats Russians at Maloyaroslavets, but fails to follow up his success; the Grande Armée is therefore condemned to retreat along the same road by which it advanced

1812

October 31

British evacuate Madrid

1812

November 3

Grande Armée attacked at Fyodorovskoy

1812

November 9

Division of Baraguey d'Hilliers captured outside Smolensk

1812

November 14

Victor defeats Russians at second battle of Polotsk

1812

November 17

Napoleon defeats the Russians at Krasnoye

1812

November 18

Ney cut off at Krasnoye, but succeeds in escaping in an epic three-day march.

1812

November 22

Russians cut the French line of march at the river Berezina

1812

November 25-29

Grande Armée breaks through Russian

1812

December 5

Napoleon abandons Grande Armée

1812

December 14

Grande Armée retreats across frontier into East Prussia

1812

December 18

Macdonald raises siege of Riga and retreats for frontier

1812

30 December

Yorck signs Convention of Tauroggen (Taurage)